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The differences between School of Nursing, College of Nursing and University Nursing

The differences between School of Nursing, College of Nursing and University Nursing

1. School of Nursing

📌It is a 3 year basic nursing program. Where you acquire only RN license plus robust clinical experience.

📌It's considered an ND program.

📌 You need only an O'level in science subjects to be able to purchase entrance/ application form.

📌 After you pass your school of choice entrance exam and given admission, you're taught for six months after which, you sit for an exam called Preliminary Training School (PTS).

📌 Your performance on the PTS exam determines whether or not you'll continue the nursing education. i.e; if you fail, you fail out. If you pass, you pass in and can be called a nursing student.

2. College of Nursing

📌 It's a 4year nursing education where you acquire an RN license, RM or RPHN license plus a robust clinical experience during your years in school.

📌The college of nursing is considered as HND

📌 You'll need an O'level in science subjects and a recent jamb score of about 150 and above to be able purchase an entrance/application form.

📌If you pass the entrance exam, you'll be admitted into the school.

(Not sure if PTS is done here).

3. University Nursing

📌 It's a 5 year nursing education program.

📌 Upon completing 5years education, you can acquire RN, RM, RPHN license, BNSC degree and a robust clinical experience too.

📌 You'll need an O'level in basic science subjects, a recent jamb score of 200 and above, to be able to buy postume form.

📌 Write and pass postume with a very high score and your name gets published in the admission list.

Note: none of these schools are cheap to train in.

📌Whether school of nursing, college or university, they must and should be accredited by the Nursing and Midwifery council of Nigeria NMCN.

Be sure that that the school you intend to apply to should be a recognized school. It doesn't matter if it's a private, state or federal owned school.

Kindly shære and good luck on your nursing education pursuit.

#willtopowereduconsult

JAMB RELEASES 2025 UTME RESIT EXAMINATION

 Results of the 2025 UTME Resit are released by JAMB. 


379,000 individuals took the rescheduled 2025 UTME between Friday and Monday because to previous technical and human problems, particularly in Lagos and the South-East, and JAMB has announced the results of those candidates. 

How to Use SMS to Check Your Outcome: 

1. Call the number you registered. 

2.UTMERESULT can be texted to 55019 or 66019.

 3. Verify that you have a minimum of ₦50 in airtime. 4. You will receive an SMS with your results. 

Willtopowereduconsult

JAMB RESCCHEDLED MOP-UP UTME

JAMB has scheduled the mop-up UTME exam for Monday, May 26, 2025, for more than 12000 candidates who were unable to take the main examination for various reasons.

All candidates in this group are required to reprint their examination slip beginning on May 22, 2025.

Note: Rescheduling will only apply to eligible candidates.

Proactive Leadership in Time of Turbulence: In Defense of Prof. Ishaq Oloyede's Integrity

Proactive Leadership in Time of Turbulence: In Defense of Prof. Ishaq Oloyede's Integrity

An iconic activist and former First Lady of the United States of America, Eleanor Roosevelt said once: "Great minds discuss ideas; average minds discuss events; small minds discuss people." Beautiful words that summarize those calling for Registrar of the Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board (JAMB) to resign.

Looking back, the 2025 Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination (UTME) was seriously plagued by technical problems that disrupted the performance of the majority of candidates. Because of impromptu complaints, Prof. Ishaq Oloyede, Registrar, Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board (JAMB), immediately ordered an in-depth probe by independent experts to determine and fix the issues.

Facts were finally laid bare at the end of the probe. The inquiry in contrast to what obtains in Nigeria was professional, unbiased, prompt and independent. In Abuja in a media briefing, Prof. Oloyede took responsibility for the administrative errors, stating, "What ought to have been a moment of happiness has been altered as a result of one or two mistakes." His emotional apology, delivered with obvious regret, reflected his commitment to values of leadership that include responsibility, integrity, transparency and accountability. Rather than leaving it to ego or bureaucratic sloth of an ordinary public office-holder, he liked to meet the challenges head-on, demonstrating a very high level of integrity in public life.

The technical issues based on inquiry were faced by 379,997 candidates in 157 centers across Lagos State and the South-East states of Abia, Enugu, Imo, Ebonyi, and Anambra. JAMB's swift response, particularly, inquiry into the matter, listing the affected candidates, and rescheduling retakes from May 16–19—is a demonstration of dedication to equity and transparency in the highly compromised and bureaucratic environment.

In a nation aspiring to institutional integrity, such leaders as Prof. Oloyede must be applauded and praised, not insulted and condemned. His move sets a precedent for accountability and reform, virtues necessary for national advancement. Requiring his resignation by a panel of Fifth columnists and pseudo-perfectionists would not only punish openness but also discourage future leaders from taking responsibility for institutional failures.

As Prof. Oloyede put it so pithily and patriotically, "I apologise for the trauma caused to the candidates." This incident in our national history is a test of accountability in leadership. As John C. Maxwell used to say, "A leader is one who knows the way, goes the way, and shows the way." Prof. Oloyede is a perfect example of this philosophy, showing that leadership is not about being error-free, but about having the guts to face and correct them.

I really sympathize with those demanding the resignation of a public official over procedural mistakes that were patently outside the agency's jurisdiction. Such failures, as unfortunate as they are, occur daily in institutions and systems all over the world. Ironically, most of these self-proclaimed perfectionists cannot even keep a simple WhatsApp group or have a simple family meeting without conflict or chaos. Let us not be deceived, the public is much smarter than they believe. There is more to the appeal. We are all not fools.

#JAMB2025 #IntegrityFirst #Leadership #transparency #examchallenge

OLABISI ONABANJO UNIVERSITY AGO-IWOYE HND CONVERSION PROGRAM

 LABISI ONABANJO UNIVERSITY AGO-IWOYE HND CONVERSION PROGRAMS 

The form is now available for sale. Kindly use the link 👇

https://portal.cced.oouagoiwoye.edu.ng/application/apply.php

Prospective candidates must possess:

1. Five (5) O'level credits in relevant subjects at not more than two (2) sittings.


2. A minimum of  lower credit in HND.

3. NYSC completion/exemption certificate.

Available courses are;

1. B.Sc. Accounting

2. B.Sc. Architecture

3. B.Sc. Banking and Finance

4. B.Sc. Biochemistry

5. B.Sc./B.Tech. Building

6. B.Sc. Business Administration

7. B.Sc. Cooperative and Rural Development

8. B.Sc. Computer Science

9. B. Ed. Secretariat Administration

10. B.Sc. Estate Management

11. B.Sc. Fine and Applied Arts

12. B.Sc. Pharmacology

13. B.Sc. Public Administration

14. B.Sc. Mass Communication

15. B.A. Music

16. B.Sc. Statistics

17. B.Sc. Transport Management

18. B.Sc. Industrial Relations and Personnel Management

19. B. Sc. Quantity Surveying

20. B.Sc. Urban and Regional Planning

21. B. Eng. Civil Engineering

22. B.Eng. Electrical Engineering


23. B. Eng. Mechanical Engineering

For enquires;
08051230402
08135333786

Thank you.
OOU CCED

For more inquiries, send a DM:👇
https://bit.ly/4fdSOu0

Rbc; 

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JUST IN 📌 BAYERO UNIVERSITY KANO (BUK) RELEASES 2024/2025 ADMISSION SCREENING FORM & CUT OFF MARKS

 JUST IN 📌
BAYERO UNIVERSITY KANO (BUK) RELEASES 2024/2025 ADMISSION SCREENING FORM & CUT OFF MARKS

This is to inform prospective candidates who have applied for admission in the 2024/2025 Admission Exercise and chosen Bayero University, Kano as their first choice that the Management of the University has approved the minimum cut-off points for the 2024/2025 Admission Exercise.


Equally, the University has planned to conduct an Online Screening for both UTME and DE candidates on the stipulated dates as follows:


SCREENING EXERCISE FOR 2024/2025 UTME CANDIDATES


This is to inform all candidates who applied for admissions into Bayero University, Kano in the 2024/2025 Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination conducted by Joint Admission and Matriculation Board (UTME) that there will be an Online Screening from Monday, 30th September, 2024 to Sunday, 1 December, 2024.


*SCREENING EXERCISE FOR 2024/2025 DIRECT ENTRY CANDIDATES*


This is to inform all candidates who applied for Direct Entry admission into Bayero University, Kano, that there will be an Online Screening exercise from Monday, 30th September, 2024 to Sunday, 1 December, 2024.

ELIGIBILITY

Only Candidates who applied through JAMB for Direct Entry Admissions and chose Bayero University as First Choice are eligible for the screening.


Also, candidates must have possessed one of the following to qualify for admissions


ELIGIBILITY


UTME Candidates must have chosen Bayero University as First Choice and scored not less than the indicated minimum score for various Faculties/Programmes as stated below:

Note: All approved National "O" level results (WAEC, NECO, NABTEB and NBAIS are acceptable for DE admissions with the following exceptions


NBAIS is only acceptable into B.A. Arabic, B.A. Islamic Studies and B.A. Sharia in the Faculty of Arts and Islamic Studies.


NABTEB Not acceptable into (College of Health Sciences) Faculties of Clinical Sciences, Veterinary Medicine, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dentistry and Allied Health Sciences

THINGS TO NOTE


1. Candidates are advised to visit any JAMB Office or Accredited CBT Centre nearest to them to upload their 'O' Level result(s) (WAEC, NECO, NABTEB, NBAIS or equivalent) on JAMB Central Admissions Processing System (CAPS). Only candidates who have done so could be proposed and recommended to JAMB for approval.


2. Supplying false information will result in disqualification.


3. You are allowed to supply a maximum of two different 'O' Level examination results.


4. If you have any inquiry or are encountering any difficulty, write to the email provided on the portal.


5. Any candidate who fails to register for the screening exercise within the stipulated date will not be considered


interested applicants can send a dm for the registration


Send a DM now: 👇🏽

https://bit.ly/3Ctbu8a

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JAMB SET CUT OFF FOR 2024 ADMISSION

 JUST in:

JAMB SET CUT OFF FOR 2024 ADMISSION PROCESS 


The JAMB cut off Mark 2024 is the minimum score a candidate must have in the Joint Admission and Matriculation Board’s Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination (UTME) to qualify to participate in post-UTME.


The cut off mark is a requirement for admission into Federal Universities, State Universities, Polytechnics, and Colleges of Education for the 2024/2025 Academic Session.


The admissions body has announced the official JAMB cut-off mark for admissions into various tertiary institutions in the country.


JAMB pegged a minimum of 160 marks for admission into the university, with 120 and 100 marks set for admission into Colleges of Education and Innovative Institutions.


The JAMB cut-off mark

The cut-off-mark principle is a guideline for JAMB in regulating the admission procedures on tertiary institutions. The cut-off mark must be met by the candidates before they can be able to apply for post Unified Tertiary Matriculation examination (UTME).


It serves as a benchmark set by JAMB in collaboration with educational authorities to regulate the admission process and ensure fairness.


The JAMB cut off mark 2024 is a minimum for all schools, thus allowing universities, polytechnics, and colleges of education to set new (higher) cut-off marks for their.


This is the reason why certain universities take 200 as their JAMB cut off mark, after JAMB has pegged it as 160.


Also, some universities may set their cut-off marks at 180, as they have done in the past. The primary thing is that their cut-off marks must not be set below jamb marks.


JAMB Cut Off Mark 2024/2025 Academic Session

Here are the JAMB cut-off marks for 2024 admission:


1. Federal Universities – 160

2. State Universities – 160

3. Private Universities – 160

4. Polytechnics – 120

5. College Of Education – 100


#Will To Power Edu Consult Reporting 

The Ondo State Governor, Rotimi Akeredolu, has passed on

 The Ondo State Governor, Rotimi Akeredolu, has passed on.

The Ondo State Governor, Rotimi Akeredolu, has passed on after a prolong battle with Leukemia.

Akeredolu reportedly died in Lagos on Wednesday, December 27, 2023.

He was 67 years old.

Details soon…

Continue following us for latest edu update and related post.

#willtopowereduconsult

UNN NSUKAKA 2023/2024

 UNN NSUKAKA 2023/2024
 

 screening result for Admission is officially out. This Result is gotten from the calculation of your WAEC/NECO Grade & Your JAMB Scores.

If you want me to pay & check your result and forward it to you, so that you can know your fate & be 100% sure of admission, Send a D.M👇🏽

 https://bit.ly/3Ctbu8a


Quick ONE📍

 Compilation of the 2023/2024 Merit/First Admission list is ongoing & the list will be released in less than a month time. If you meet up with your departmental/state cutoff, you will surely see you name there.



Next

After the First/Merit Admission list is Shopping form/supplementary form purchase, and those that could not make the merit list that would need Perfect Shopping form purchase & directives through me with 💯% assurance of getting admitted in a nice course, should start getting ready & prepared.


After

Then continually is Proper Supplementary Update  for those that knows the way it goes, so also start getting ready & prepared.


GET READY !!!


If you have not yet uploaded your O-Level Result on Jamb CAPS, Please go ahead and do so urgently, as this might prevent you from getting admitted


#NnnNsuka

#willtopowereduconsult

Federal Government 3 Million Technical Talent (3MTT) programme For Young Nigerians

 Federal Government 3 Million Technical Talent (3MTT) programme For Young Nigerians

Federal Government 3 Million Technical Talent (3MTT) programme For Young Nigerians

Eligibility: Everyone interested in tech or soft skills please apply. Please share this particular one far and wide.



Scope of training: 

1.Software Development

2.UI/UX Design

3.Data Analysis & Visualization

4.Quality Assurance

5.Product Management

6.Data Science

7.Animation

8.AI / Machine Learning

9.Cybersecurity

10.Game Development

11.Cloud Computing

12.Dev Ops


Duration:

3 Months (phase 1)


Benefit:

Fully Funded with laptop at the end of the training and national awards.


Deadline:

Not Specified


Link:

https://3mtt.nitda.gov.ng/


For more inquiries, call/chat:

_https://bit.ly/3Ctbu8a_


For all details about our update, have a click on blogspot link below:

_https://t.co/nbFBcdFNQj_


#willtopowereduconsult

Kanu State Government Funded Mass Wedding Ceremony for 1,800 Couples


The state government funded a mass wedding ceremony for 1800 couples in Kano State. The majority of the recipients are widows and divorcees. 

Furthermore, the state government paid nearly N50,000 in dowry on each groom's behalf to their bride.


 Couples were also given a bed, linen, food, and clothes as part of the mass wedding scheme, with the couple obligated to repay the presents to the state government in the event of divorce. The wedding was one of the current governor's main campaign promises.


ChannelsTV is to blame. 


For update, join:👇🏽

_https://chat.whatsapp.com/KLqXNkJM7LE9KDVCnOYY7H_


#willtopowereduconsult

GOOD NEWS AS NECO DIRECT TO RELEASE 2023 INTERNAL EXAMS.

 

*GOOD NEWS AS NECO DIRECT TO RELEASE 2023 INTERNAL EXAMS.*💃🏻

*2023 NECO EXAM RESULT* will be out on Thursday, 28th September 2023.
Candidates are advised to get their checker pin on time.✅

*DM* us to get ur NECO Results checker pin, we're also available for Uploading of Olevel Results on JAMB Caps.


#willtoppwereduconsult

#08100799469

_TASUED Post UTME Screening Form for 2023/2024_

 📛|🔰 ADMISSION UPDATE


 _TASUED Post UTME Screening Form for 2023/2024_  

 The Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijebu Ode has announced the Post UTME Screening Form release date for the 2023/2024 academic session. Candidates who has met TASUED Post UTME Cut Off Mark and that of the Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board (JAMB) can apply on TASUED Portal.


TASUED Admission form 2023 is out. Here is how candidates can apply for Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijebu Ode 2023/2024 admission screening form on the portal.


 Are you seeking admission into the Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijebu Ode? Then apply for TASUED Post UTME From for 2023/2024 on this page.


If TASUED was your first choice, then you are eligible to apply for TASUED Post UTME Screening form 2023. Just follow all the steps and information that will be elaborated on this page in order to apply for the PUTME on Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijebu Ode website.


TASUED Post UTME Requirements 2023

TASUED has so many applicants who are yet to know the requirements for TASUED Post UTME. Well, this section will inform these people about TASUED Post UTME Screening requirements and what documents they are expected to bring alongside them during the screening exercise.


Does TASUED conduct Post UTME exams? Candidates who have been granted conditional admission on the JAMB Admission Status portal will have to come for screening at the Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijebu Ode to process their admission completely.


For more update and inquiries, call/chat:

_08100799469_

_07011777414_


Or direct message via our link to Will To Power Edu 👇🏼

https://bit.ly/3Ctbu8a

Learn To Pay Attention: Professor and Ghana Medical Student

Learn To Pay Attention: Professor and Ghana Medical Student

 |First year University of Ghana medical students were attending their 1st Anatomy Class. They all gathered around the table and there was a real dead body on the table.


The Professor, Mwangi started the class by telling them two important qualities of a DOCTOR. He said, "The 1st is that never be DISGUSTED about anything in the body." For example, he inserted his FINGER in the dead body's ANUS & put the finger in his own mouth & TASTED it.


Then he told the students to do what he did. The students hesitated for several minutes, but eventually everyone inserted their fingers in the body's ANUS & tasted it. When everyone finished tasting their fingers, they were all Frowning...


Then the professor looked at them & said: "The most important 2nd Quality is "Observation". 


I inserted my MIDDLE finger but tasted the 2nd finger... Now learn to pay attention!!

"ALL the students fainted!!


COPIED|👌

#willtopowereduconsult

Corps Member Reportedly Dies In His Sleep At Osun Orientation Camp

 Corps Member Reportedly Dies In His Sleep At Osun Orientation Camp

A corps member identified as Bright has reportedly died at the Osun State orientation camp of the National Youth Service Corps (NYSC).

 

According to his colleagues, Bright reportedly went to bed and didnt wake up the following morning. 

 

“He slept day before yesterday night and couldn't wake up in the morning,” one Lawrence Echezona said on Sunday, July 23, 2023. 


#willtopowereduconsult

Meet Nigerian Professor Who Drove Peugeot 504 From London To Kano In 24 days

 Meet Nigerian Professor Who Drove Peugeot 504 From London To Kano In 24 days

Professor Aminu Mohammed Dorayi is a renowned educationist and adventurer that drove from London to Kano with his car.


The elder statesman is a Record-breaker, who broke a world record by driving his Peugeot 504 over a distance of about 4,000miles, in 24 days.


Prof Dorayi is a distinguished Abusite (Ahmadu Bello University) and respected professor of Chemistry. He doubled as a former president of the ABU Students Union Government (SUG) for 1966/1967. Dorayi set up the Sharada Industrial Estate in Kano. He is also the first to organize trade fair in Nigeria.


He is called The Adventurous Chemist because of his passion for adventure. While in the UK, his journey was inspired by several adventure books he had read. For instance, he read about the Marcopolos, the Mungo Parks, these adventurous stories fascinated him.


Dorayi, therefore proceded to make a record-breaking trip by driving his Peugeot 504 over a distance of about 4,000miles in 24 days.


According to the elder statesman, “England is an Island. So when you reach Southampton you have to take a boat, you and your car, to Calais, France. I drove through Paris and so on through Madrid, Gibraltar. So when you reach Gibraltar, you reach the Mediterranean Sea, where you also take a ferry to Algeria.


"From there you enter the road all through, though there is no road, in the desert, you’re guided by your compass, your map.”


Speaking further on the trip, Prof disclosed that ”I became very keen during my PhD in the US. I had a Volkswagen which I bought for about 600 dollars at that time. I used it to drive across the desert over there.” He added that he is highly adventurous, that is why even his autobiography is titled, The Adventurous Chemist.


Dorayi disclosed that as he bought the Peugeot 504 for 1000 pounds and hit the road immediately.


He said, ”I was assisted by the British Automobile Association (AA). They gave me the guidelines, the map, the route. They told me what to do in crossing the desert, and what not to do. So, I was quite prepared.


Speaking of his preparedness, Doriya said, ”Since I went to secondary technical school, I was technically inclined and I could service my car. I came from a technical background. Going back to Zango in Kano and hanging out with friends, they taught me confidence. So this thing has been in me for years. I enjoyed reading about trans-Sahara.


In his encounter, Doriya noted that ”There was a place I passed in Algeria, and the day I arrived, it was raining heavily. Little children of 13 years and below were running helter-skelter and crying. When I asked the elders why they said those children had never seen rain before. No rain for 14 years, so they thought heaven was falling. They had to be counselled by their elders.”


#Northbook

#willtopowereduconsult

🚨|🔵ASUU Chairman To NIGERIANS (8:00am)

 SUU Chairman To NIGERIANS (8:00am)



“At no time in the history of Nigeria has a government tended to have the destruction of university education as a policy as we have witnessed recently when the government triggered our Union into strikes.


This government did that only to turn round to visit the inconceivably asphyxiating forms of cruelty on its membership which resulted in deaths, ill health, acute starvation and in the ongoing mass exodus of our members from the system.


“While other nations have been devoting up to 25% or more of their annual budgetary allocations to education".


At no time in the life of this administration has the government gone up to 8%. Indeed, for much of the period of this regime, education, especially at the tertiary level, has been on oxygen merely gasping for breath.


 However, the Union enjoins individual Nigerians and non-governmental bodies within the country to rise to the occasion of standing with and defending the cause of public education.”---- ASUU President.


#willtopowereduconsult

HOW & WHAT MADE OYO EMPIRE COLLAPSE?

 HOW & WHAT MADE OYO EMPIRE COLLAPSE?


Shortly after Oyo Empire expanded her influence westwards, capturing Port Novo and making Dahomey (present-day Benin Republic) a vassal state pay tributes of 40 guns and 400 loads of cowries and corals regularly to Oyo, of course after phases of wars that made Oyo army a dread to the Dahomeyans, Alaafin(Emperor) Labisi appointed a new Bashorun (Prime Minister).

To check the Alaafin from becoming too dictatorial, the Prime Minister according to the constitution could pass a vote of no confidence that would turn the Oyo Mesi (Legislators) against the Alaafin and an empty calabash would be handed to the emperor signaling that he was required commit suicide and pave way for a new Alaafin since the Oyo Mesi had lost confidence in his rule.


The Basorun was a high priest controlling all the cults except Sango and Ifa, so this could make him declare that the ancestors and Heavens had lost confidence in an Alaafin. Prior to the appointment of Ga, the unwritten constitution of the empire had been amended from the more ancient style that the Aremo (heir apparent) ruled after an Alaafin passed on.


The new constitution demanded that the heir apparent died with the Alaafin so as to pass on succession without disputes and in a way make the monarchical system a sort of republic. This made Bashorun Ga more powerful. Ga became despotic and power drunk and from the slightest accusation that an Alaafin or his Prince disrespected the Oyo Mesi to the accusation that an Alaafin was assuming airs of superiority, Bashorun Ga raised five Alaafins to the throne and successively destroyed four of them.


He and his family ruled despotically for twenty years, almost as if they were the Alaafins. By the reign of the fifth emperor, Alaafin Abiodun, the people were fed up of Ga’s dictatorship. On an appointed day, with the support of Aare-Ona Kakanfo(Military Commander of Oyo army) Oyabi, the Alaafin and the people broke the jinx of Ga’s powerful magic and rounded up all his family (except Ojo, Ga’s first son) and were seized and killed, Ga himself was burnt to death in his house.


Abiodun’s reign then went on peacefully and lasted from 1774 to 1789, his was a golden reign. However, the center was no longer holding the seams of the Empire together after 20 years of internal imbalance triggered by taking advantage of the lawless years, Egba province under the warrior, Lishabi, had proclaimed their independence and migrated towards their present location in Abeokuta. 


The Egbas had been aggrieved by the oppression of the resident Ilaris (governors) in their three provinces within the empire and the absence of any authority to hold them in check. When authority was installed by Abiodun, he sent a punitive expedition against the Egbas, but the rocky hills of

Abeokuta made the Oyo cavalry failed woefully in subjecting the Egbas. This triggered a domino effect of provinces declaring their independence from Oyo. Even Dahomey had the effrontery to assault Ketu, a westernmost Yoruba district, without fear of the Oyo imperial army. As far as Ewe (in today’s Togo), Oyo began to wane.


But within the city, Abiodun restated law and order but his reign came to an end with his death in 1789 and a new Alaafin was crowned, Alaafin Awole who reigned between 1789 to 1796). Alaafin Awole did not help matters he could have consolidated Abiodun’s effort to keep the empire together, but he did not. Under Awole, Afonja was the Aare-Ona Kakanfo (Military Commander), though the two of them had vied for the throne.


It was a taboo in Oyo constitution for the Alaafin and Aare to live in the same city, so while the emperor resided in the capital, the Aare must reside elsewhere, especially a town where enemy threat is imminent. Afonja was also from a royal family but he was slave-born and it was probable this that played against his becoming emperor, though some

chiefs of the Oyo Mesi sympathized with him. Afonja’s great-grandfather had been the founder of Ilorin.


Alaafin Awole began to lose the Oyo Mesi’s confidence when he firstly requested Afonja to attack Apomu as part Ofa yearly military exercise the Alaafin must order the Oyo army to revive its strength, but Awole’s omission was that Apomu was an Ile Ife town and it is contrary to the “Coronation Oath” of the Alaafins who all received their Royal swords from Ife and sworn never to raise sword against Ife. Secondly, Awole again ordered Afonja to attack Iwere town, which was a fortified fortress impregnable to Oyo army’s weapons of swords and arrows.


It was a calculated attempt by Awole to get rid of Aare Afonja since the Are must kill himself if he ever failed to win any battle (this had also been the secret of the Oyo army’s strength in its heydays, asthe Are must fight to be killed or fight to win resulting, making his army fight to the finish without option of retreat).


Afonja sensed this and rather than launch a battle he would not win he refused on the pretext that the town, Iwere, was the maternal home of Alaafin Ajagbo. Ajagbo was Alaafin in 1587 to 1624 and had created the Are Ona Kakanfo, Bashorun, Agbakin and Asipa titles, which were military titled except Bashorun and Asipa which were administrative. The third reason that Oyo Mesi lost confidence in Awole was trying to introduce Islam into Yorubaland.


Yorubas generally distrusted Islam in the polity and it is unacceptable according to the constitution for the Alaafin to accept the religion because of its male dominance and autocratic nature of the emirs. Note that women make up part of the Oyo Mesi (Legislators) and there were powerful women like Efunsetan Aniwura who had their say in the

polity for Oyo was not totally a male dominated society. Besides, the Alaafin was not allowed to wield total power like the emirs did in the north. 


Soon the Oyo Mesi sent the empty calabash to Awole and he had to commit suicide. Awole was not missed for his reign further declined the empire and left the bullying ilaris unchecked in their districts.The center no longer held and even the next Alaafin’s reign were so short as people became disillusioned and in want of effective leadership. Adebo ruled for 130 days, Maku was next and was there for only two months thereafter an inter-regnum lasted in the capital from 1797 to 1803.


Afonja’s influence thus began to grow. Afonja tried to become emperor, but some chiefs opposed this. Thus in 1817, he declared Ilorin also independent just as other provinces were also doing. Afonja had a Fulani adviser, Mallam Alimi, and he encouraged dan Fodio jihadists warriors to support Afonja.


Meanwhile, Fulani/Hausas were popularly used in Yorubaland as cheap labors and servants, they were so popular that looking down the nose upon the northerners continued well into post-colonial years in Nigeria. So with the call to arms, Hausa/Fulani laborers in the Oyo underground economy swelled the ranks by fleeing to Ilorin. Ojo, the only surviving son of Ga, along with the Onikoyi of Ikoyi, which was then the largest provincial town of Oyo

hence marched against Ilorin.


The Ikoyi’s were the royal battalion of the imperial army and were also known as Ikoyi-Eso (Guards Battalion). When the war began and Hausa/Fulani ex-laborers roamed the country pillaging and selling their former Yoruba aristocratic masters as slaves to white slave buyers (as happened to Ajayi Crowther and his mother who were sold to Portuguese when their village was sacked by the Muslims later in 1821: read earlier post of Eshu and Christian Devil on this blog), Afonja became displeased with this.


And since he was still suspected of being loyal to Yoruba than Islam, Alimi had Afonja killed and his son, AbdulSalami took Ilorin throne as emir, giving allegiance to the Sokoto caliphate. Thus Ilorin became a part of the Sokoto caliphate. There was no central authority anymore in Oyo and a lot of the provinces kept breaking away and the disunity did not give a common cause to the Yorubas to fight and retake Ilorin.


Some Yorubas by this time living in Ilorin had also accepted Islam and thus while Ilorin swelled with a platform for its warriors to fight on in one cause, there was no single cause the Yorubas stood for a united fight. The center no longer held and things badly fallen apart. There was no more cavalry for the Oyo army since horses were before bought from northern trade routes which were now closed because of the war against Fulani/Hausa.


The Oyo capital city was not destroyed by war, but it was rather emptied by the people who migrated to safer places like Ilorin, Kabba (present day Kogi state in Nigeria), and the forested south. Oyo city was so big with seventeen gates that it was not possible for the Fulani/Ilorin army to siege or take it. A new Oyo city was now found further south in Ago-Oja and a new Alaafin, Atiba, was crowned. But by this time, the Alaafin was struggling to maintain a dignity that was lost. Yoruba was now no more an empire but more like the Greek city states of Athens, Sparta, Macedonia e.t.c. Yoruba city states of Owu, Egba, Ijebu, Ondo and Ijesha begun to emerge, with even facial marks emphasizing their differences, no more paying allegiance to a central authority.


Civil wars became rampant, famine spread like wildfire and slave hunting, slavery before this time was totally alien to the Yorubas since Oyo did not allow any Yorubas to be traded as slave. The slave coasts were now overcrowded with Yoruba slaves as Hausa/Fulani armies and slave-hunting warlords fed their armies with the new system of economic trade that coincided with the collapse of Old Oyo that was closer to the River Niger.


A new war brewed when Ijebu (whose reputation as businessmen is known even till today) and Ife also began to sell refugees from old Oyo as slaves. These are the Modakeke, who retraced their way back to Ife where the founder of Old Oyo had come from originally. Owu and these refugees therefore attacked Ife in reprisal, the sacred city. This turned Ijebu and Ife against Owu.


The Ijebus were the first to employ the use of guns in any battle and thus completely destroyed Owu town. Owu people fled to Egba for refuge. Ijebu went further to even attack the Egbas for harboring the Owu people. Note that Egba used to be where present-day Ibadan was located. But they were scattered villages and settlements. The Owu

warriors and other warriors from other destroyed or sacked provinces migrating southwards found a settlement in Eleiyele, thus beginning what today is known as Ibadan. 


The new city attracted other warriors who wanted to restore the old glory and because of its position in the rainforest area, Ibadan began to control palm oil belt which was just beginning to replace the trade in human beings. It subsequently grew into the largest city in West Africa. With the arrival of warriors from all over Yoruba country turning Ibadan into a military settlement. The issue of who was what ensued and the Oyo drove out the bullying Ife along with the Egba people. Egba then settled in what is now Abeokuta with the Owu people, while Ife found no love lost with the Oyo people, especially those in Ife, the Modakeke. Note that Ibadan too also became a largely Oyo city.


But still determined to totally expand the Sokoto caliphate downwards by totally conquering the dying embers of the Yoruba influence, the Hausa/Fulani/Yoruba Muslim cavalry in Ilorin relaunched another phase of war as they saw New Oyo and Ibadan rising.


Ibadan knew it could no longer control cavalry which used to be a force to reckon with in the Oyo army (Yoruba kings and chiefs still ride horses in celebration today as remnant of the horse tradition prior to these wars) but with the Sokoto caliphate in the north, Ibadan could no longer get horse supplies.Although, Ijebu first used the guns, but Ibadan, through insistent drills, perfected the use of guns in such remarkable ways.


Oyos were seasoned warriors and thus Ibadan infantry marched out to meet the jihadists who were pillaging villages and towns with impunity from Ilorin southwards. Finally, a decisive battle was fought in Oshogbo in 1839, led by the dreaded new Are Ona Kakanfo, Balogun Latoisha.


The Ibadan infantry were good marksmen and they plucked the jihadist riders off their horses in such a way that many lives were lost on the side of the Muslim invaders and the casualty toll was so high that they fled back up north, ending the prolonged Fulani/Oyo wars and the incursion of the jihadists in a very decisive victory.


Thus Ibadan emerged as the superpower of the Yoruba states. Although, ibadan tried to restore the old glory of Oyo by being the military wing of the New Oyo government, the city states wanted to assert their independence from the Alafina and this led to another protracted war, the 16-Year Yoruba Civil War that saw Ilorin, Egba, Ijebu, Ekiti, Ijesha and Ife fighting Ibadan and Modakeke. For 16 years Ibadan remained unbeaten until the British and Anglican missionaries called for a peace treaty. It was no surprise then that after independence in Nigeria, Chief Obafemi Awolowo, an Ijebu statesman, made Ibadan the capital seat of the Western region which is in the Yoruba region within

Nigeria.

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The Origin Of The Yoruba Adage "Sebotimo Elewa Sapon"

 The Origin Of The Yoruba Adage "Sebotimo Elewa Sapon"

Once upon a time, there was a woman who sold cooked beans in Abeokuta. Her bean joint at the time connected the roads that led to Ijaiye, Ago-Oba, Itoku, Lafenwa, Isale Igbein and Ake roads. The location of her restaurant was tagged “Sapon,” 

which was derived from the word “Saponloore,” meaning “help the bachelors.”


People, especially bachelors, derive pleasure from eating at a restaurant because they perceive it as a place to wine and dine in those days. In addition, important personalities like kings, government officials, civil servants, and even students, used to buy beans and stew (ewa pakure) from her.


Madam Janet Ewusi Odesola was born in 1925. Young Janet attended the Methodist elementary school in Ijoko, Abeokuta. She began her food selling business by selling dry fish before she felt the need to own a restaurant that sold cooked beans in 1951.


So, because of the calibre of people that patronized her, her cooked beans sold very fast every day, despite the large quantity of beans she cooked.


Although, history has it that she cooked a big bag of beans daily, and there wouldn’t be any leftovers.


However, it came to a point where people started owing her. Some would buy her beans and pay, while some would buy on credit. Also, there were some people whose money would not be enough and who would promise to pay later, which they never did. She started drowning in debt as the credit accumulated. So, she began to think of a solution and then came up with a plan.


The plan was that anyone who bought from her and if their money did not suffice, she would advise with the phrase “sebiotimo” (that is, cut your coat according to your cloth). For instance, if they came to her to buy beans, she would ask for money, and if it was 10 kobo, she would sell 10 kobo worth of beans. If such a person then asked to put more (that is more than 10 kobo) that he would pay later, she would respond with “sebiotimo.”


With time, people got used to her response (sebiotimo), and as a result, anytime they ask  her to add more beans, they quickly remember and respond with “sebiotimo, elewa sapon.”


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Since the revolution of her restaurant’s policy, her customers nicknamed her “sebiotimo elewa sapon.” Also, she stopped cooking more than a pot of beans. So, when they asked for more, she would respond with “mo ti se bi mo se mo” (that is, I have cut my coat according to my cloth).


That’s how her nickname “sebiotimo,” became a proverb that’s imbibed into the Yoruba culture, which thought the morals of you not buying things that you cannot afford.

The Ethiopian tribe where big is definitely beautiful:

 

The Ethiopian tribe where big is definitely beautiful: 

Bodi men compete to be the fattest in the village by drinking a gruesome mixture of blood and milk while living in isolation for SIX months

▪️ Men from the Bodi tribe compete to become the fattest during the new year or Ka'el ceremony

▪️ They spend six months guzzling a mixture of blood and milk in a bid to fatten up as fast as they can

▪️ The winning fat man doesn't get a prize but is feted as a hero for life by the rest of the tribe

▪️ Bodi want to retain their traditions but they are threatened by government resettlement plans


Slim might be in elsewhere but for Ethiopia's Bodi or Me'en people, bigger is always better. The tribe, which lives in a remote corner of Ethiopia's Omo Valley, is home to an unusual ritual which sees young men gorge on cow's blood and milk in a bid to be crowned the fattest man.
Six months after starting the regime, the men emerge to show off their newly engorged physiques and for a winner to be chosen. The champion fat man is then feted as a hero for the rest of his life.

Now the little known rite is the subject of incredible photos taken by French shutterbug Eric Lafforgue - who spent time with the Bodi while travelling through south-western Ethiopia during the run up to the Bodi New Year or Ka'el ceremony.
Sadly, the Ka'el ritual and the Bodi's traditional way of life is under threat from the Ethiopian government who plan to resettle 300,000 people from all over the country on their lands.

For now, the tribe continue as they always have, and still celebrate Ka'el in traditional style each June.
The contest begins six months before the ceremony. Every family is allowed to present an unmarried man for the challenge, who, after being chosen, retires to his hut and must not move or have sex for the duration.

Food comes in the form of a cow's blood and milk mixture, served regularly to the men by women from the village. 'The cows are sacred to the Bodi tribe so they are not killed,' explains Lafforgue. 'The blood is taken by making a hole in a vein with a spear or an axe, and after that, they close it with clay.'

Because of the scorching temperatures, the men have to drink the two-litre bowl of blood and milk quickly before it coagulates but as Lafforgue reveals, not everyone can handle drinking so much at speed.

'The fat men drink milk and blood all day long,' he says. 'The first bowl of blood is drunk at sunrise. The place is invaded by flies. The man must drink it quickly before it coagulates but some cannot drink everything and vomit it.'

On the day itself, the men cover their bodies with clay and ashes before emerging from their huts for the walk to the spot where the ceremony will take place.

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The differences between School of Nursing, College of Nursing and University Nursing

The differences between School of Nursing, College of Nursing and University Nursing 1. School of Nursing 📌It is a 3 year basic nursing pro...